SPHSS03自動化卡件
印刷電路板(PCB)的電磁兼容性設(shè)計
PCB是單片機系統(tǒng)中電路元件和器件的支撐件,它提供電路元件和器件之間的電氣連接。隨著電子技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,PCB的密度越來越高。PCB設(shè)計的好壞對單片機系統(tǒng)的電磁兼容性影響很大,實踐證明,即使電路原理圖設(shè)計正確,印刷電路板設(shè)計不當,也會對單片機系統(tǒng)的可靠性產(chǎn)生不利影響。例如,如果印刷板兩條細平行線靠得很近,則會形成信號波形的延遲,在傳輸線的終端形成反射噪聲。因此,在設(shè)計印刷電路板的時候,應(yīng)注意采用正確的方法,遵守PCB設(shè)計的一般原則,并應(yīng)符合抗干擾設(shè)計的要求。
SPHSS03自動化卡件PCB設(shè)計的一般原則
要使電子電路獲得最佳性能,元器件的布局及導(dǎo)線的布設(shè)是很重要的。為了設(shè)計質(zhì)量好、成本低的PCB,應(yīng)遵循以下一般性原則。
1、特殊元器件布局
首先,要考慮PCB尺寸的大?。篜CB尺寸過大時,印刷線條長,阻抗增加,抗噪聲能力下降,成本也增加;過小,則散熱不好,且鄰近線條易受干擾。在確定PCB尺寸后,再確定特殊元器件的位置。最后,根據(jù)電路的功能單元,對電路的全部元器件進行布局。
在確定特殊元器件的位置時要遵守以下原則:
① 盡可能縮短高頻元器件之間的連線,設(shè)法減少它們的分布參數(shù)和相互間的電磁干擾。易受干擾的元器件不能相互挨得太近,輸入和輸出元件應(yīng)盡量遠離。
② 某些元器件或?qū)Ь€之間可能有較高的電位差,應(yīng)加大它們之間的距離,以免放電引出意外短路。帶高電壓的元器件應(yīng)盡量布置在調(diào)試時手不易觸及的地方。
③ 重量超過15 g的元器件,應(yīng)當用支架加以固定,然后焊接。那些又大又重、發(fā)熱量多的元器件,不宜裝在印刷板上,而應(yīng)裝在整機的機箱底板上,且應(yīng)考慮散熱問題。熱敏元件應(yīng)遠離發(fā)熱元件。
④ 對于電位器、可調(diào)電感線圈、可變電容器、微動開關(guān)等可調(diào)元件的布局,應(yīng)考慮整機的結(jié)構(gòu)要求。
of global industrial manufacturing industry, and the industrial market of a series of automation equipment is expanding rapidly. A complete automatic production line includes PLC, system control software, industrial robot, etc., and these components need to be connected with Industrial Ethernet to form a unified whole.
In recent years, with the development of network technology and the increasing demand for network performance in the field of industrial control, Ethernet is gradually entering the field of industrial control and forming a new type of Ethernet control network technology. Therefore, industrial Ethernet communication requires sufficient high real-time, high reliability, anti-interference, anti network failure, anti interception and anti forgery performance to ensure high-quality control data communication.
Compared with ordinary Ethernet, industrial Ethernet needs to solve many problems such as openness, real-time, synchronization, reliability, anti-interference and security. This is also where industrial automation manufacturers can bring greater value to industrial users, which is different from ordinary IT manufacturers.