DSQC658機(jī)器人卡件,3HAC025779-001產(chǎn)品尺寸
變槳距風(fēng)力機(jī)及其控制方式 變槳距調(diào)速是現(xiàn)代風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)主要的調(diào)速方式之一,如圖1所示為變槳距風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的簡(jiǎn)圖。調(diào)速裝置通過(guò)增大槳距角的方式減小由于風(fēng)速增大使葉輪轉(zhuǎn)速加快的趨勢(shì)。當(dāng)風(fēng)速增大時(shí),變槳距液壓缸動(dòng)作,推動(dòng)葉片向槳距角增大的方向轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)使葉片吸收的風(fēng)能減少,維持風(fēng)輪運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)在額定轉(zhuǎn)速范圍內(nèi)。
DSQC658機(jī)器人卡件,3HAC025779-001產(chǎn)品尺寸當(dāng)風(fēng)速減小時(shí),實(shí)行相反操作,實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)輪吸收的功率能基本保持恒定。液壓控制系統(tǒng)具有傳動(dòng)力矩大、重量輕、剛度大、定位精確、液壓執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)速度快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),能夠保證更加快速、準(zhǔn)確地把葉片調(diào)節(jié)至預(yù)定節(jié)距[4][5]。目前國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和運(yùn)行的大型風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)的變距裝置大多采用液壓系統(tǒng)作為動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)。 發(fā)電機(jī)增速箱電網(wǎng)ωVI*β功率傳感器變槳控制器風(fēng)PP
圖2 變槳距風(fēng)力機(jī)控制框圖
如圖2所示為變槳距控制器的原理框圖。在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)并入電網(wǎng)之前由速度控制器根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速反饋信號(hào)進(jìn)行變槳距控制,根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)速及風(fēng)速信號(hào)來(lái)確定槳葉處于待機(jī)或順槳位置;發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)并入電網(wǎng)之后,功率控制器起作用,功率調(diào)節(jié)器通常采用PI(或PID)控制,功率誤差信號(hào)經(jīng)過(guò)PI運(yùn)算后得到槳距角位置。 當(dāng)風(fēng)力機(jī)在停機(jī)狀態(tài)時(shí),槳距角處于90?的位置,這時(shí)氣流對(duì)槳葉不產(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)矩;當(dāng)風(fēng)力機(jī)由停機(jī)狀態(tài)變?yōu)檫\(yùn)行狀態(tài)時(shí),槳距角由90?以一定速度(約1?/s)減小到待機(jī)角度(本系統(tǒng)中為15?);若風(fēng)速達(dá)到并網(wǎng)風(fēng)速,槳距角繼續(xù)減小到3?(槳距角在3?左右時(shí)具有最佳風(fēng)能吸收系數(shù));發(fā)電機(jī)并上電網(wǎng)后,當(dāng)風(fēng)速小于額定風(fēng)速時(shí),使槳距角保持在3?不變;當(dāng)風(fēng)速高于額定風(fēng)速時(shí),根據(jù)功率反饋信號(hào),控制器向比例閥輸出-10V- 10V電壓,控制比例閥輸出流量的方向和大小。變槳距液壓缸按比例閥輸出的流量和方向來(lái)操縱葉片的槳距角,使輸出功率維持在額定功率附近。若出現(xiàn)故障或有停機(jī)命令時(shí),控制器將輸出迅速順槳命令,使得風(fēng)力機(jī)能快速停機(jī),順槳速度可達(dá)20?/s。
2.變槳控制器的設(shè)計(jì) 2.1系統(tǒng)的硬件構(gòu)成 本文實(shí)驗(yàn)中采用Zond-40風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,其額定功率550KW,采用液壓變槳系統(tǒng),液壓變槳系統(tǒng)原理圖如圖3所示。從圖3中可以看出,通過(guò)改變液壓比例閥的電壓可以改變進(jìn)槳或退槳速度,在風(fēng)力機(jī)出 現(xiàn)故障或緊急停機(jī)時(shí),可控制電磁閥J-B閉合、J-A和J-C打開,使儲(chǔ)壓罐1中的液壓油迅速進(jìn)入變槳缸,推動(dòng)槳葉達(dá)到順槳位置(90?)
it is generally about 80m-90m, which is why when customers buy Industrial Poe switches, we will suggest that they try to control the distance at about 80m. Industrial switch is also called industrial Ethernet switch, that is, Ethernet switch equipment applied in the field of industrial control. Due to the network standard adopted, it has good openness, wide application, low price and transparent and unified TCP / IP protocol, Ethernet has become the main communication standard in the field of industrial control.
Ingem industrial switch has carrier grade performance characteristics and can withstand harsh working environment. With rich product series and flexible port configuration, it can meet the needs of various industrial fields. The products generally adopt the wide temperature design of - 40 ~ + 85 ℃, the wide voltage input range shall reach DC12 ~ 48V, the protection grade shall not be lower than IP30, and support standard and private ring network redundancy protocol.
There is no essential difference between itself and commercial network in data link layer, network layer and protocol layer, but for the real-time demand of industrial control, industrial